ANKLE FRACTURE

Ankle fracture-dislocations are mostly due to the high-energy violence and can be accompanied with varying amount of bone and soft tissue injury. Dislocation often leads to worse functional outcomes in ankle fractures. According to Lauge-Hansen's classification, the injury of the deep deltoid ligament is closely related to the injury mechanism of SER and PER ankle fractures. Conservative treatment is not recommended in the event of fracture-dislocation. In addition to conventional ORIF, syndesmotic fixation is also important while additional deltoid ligament repair is unnecessary. Collectively, the ankle fracture-dislocations still require a more comprehensive and clearer treatment guideline in the future, as well as the prognostic evaluation system.